Cool maritime climate/Elevation 50m First established as a viticultural area in the 1960s, Padthaway was soon recognised as a premium cool climate region. Orlando purchased its first Padthaway vineyard in the 1980s. The vineyards are located on the shoreline of an ancient seabed and comprise deep, free-draining sandy loams over red-brown clay and limestone- based soils. Irrigation is used extensively using ample ground water. Rainfall averages about 500mm. Pressure to increase levels of production, combined with competition for old vine material, has brought intense focus to this region. Padthaway is now increasingly supplying grapes into well-known, ultra-fine house brands. This includes Penfolds Grange, Hardy’s Eileen Hardy Shiraz and Orlando Lawson’s Shiraz. Andrew Caillard MW, Langton's

Warm to hot climate/Elevation 400-500m Clare is essentially continental with hot summers and cool/cold winters. However, the vineyards are mostly located at higher elevations. During the growing season moderating cool breezes funnel up the Clare’s corrugation of hills and gullies from the south. The soils are red brown chocolatey loams over shale allowing excellent drainage. Although snow is rare, the chill factor is something to behold. Some of the older vines are planted in the valley floor as rainfall is relatively low. Polish Hill and Watervale are important sub-regions. The Clare Valley has become particularly famous for its fruit-pure Rieslings and tight-knit Shirazes. Cabernet Sauvignon also performs quite well. Andrew Caillard MW, Langton's

<p><span>Givry is the jewel of the Burgundy subregion, the C&ocirc;te Chalonnaise. It is responsible for structured wines of a density that at their best, boast an uncanny resemblance to far more expensive expressions from Gevrey-Chambertin, located farther south on the C&ocirc;te d&rsquo;Or. This is because both communes are marked by a prevalence of ferrous red clay, punctuated by varying degrees of limestone and its many permutations.</span></p> <p><span>The Givry AOC was created in 1946. It is embellished with 38 Premier Cru sites, albeit, no Grand Cru vineyards. There are 270 hectares under vine from which approximately 1.7 million bottles of wine are produced. Red wine production constitutes 80 per-cent of the total, or slightly less than 1.4 million bottles. Fruit for wines labelled as Givry may come from the communes of Givry, D