Cool to cold climate/Elevation 5-55m The Tasmanian wine industry re-emerged in the late 1950s with the establishment of Moorilla Estate on the outskirts of Hobart. Vineyards located close to the Derwent Estuary and Coal River, planted on a range of sandstone and alluvial soils, are protected from wind, enjoy long hours of sunshine and maritime influence. However, supplementary irrigation is needed because of low rainfall. The Huon Valley is yet to make its mark. Moorilla Estate is perhaps the most important producer. Certainly it is making some very good Pinot Noir, Merlot and Riesling. Its Gewurztraminer is highly regarded. The small Domaine A, located at Campania near Coal River, is also showing potential for its Pinot Noir and Cabernet. Andrew Caillard MW, Langton's

Cool to cold climate/Elevation 15-200m The arrival of Andrew Pirie and the planting of vineyards around Pipers Brook near Launceston in Tasmania’s north launched the region’s wine industry. The vineyards are all located in cool to cold maritime areas. At Pipers Brook most of the vineyards are located on slopes at elevations of around 100 to 140m on basalt-derived gravelly soils with relatively high iron content. Pipers Brook vineyards are close spaced on north-facing vineyards but quite exposed to wind. Riesling has thrived, while Chardonnay and Bordeaux varieties are a mixed bag, and Pinot Noir is showing great potential. Mesoclimate and individual sites differ markedly around Tasmania. The Tamar Valley, close to Pipers Brook, is estuarine influenced. Andrew Caillard MW, Langton's

Warm maritime climate/Elevation about 90m The region can be divided into three sub-regions: the cooler south between Yallingup and Karridale; the warm and sunnier Willyabrup in the centre; and Margaret River in the north with similar soils, but slightly cooler temperatures. This is entirely consistent with style – wines from Willyabrup being more generous than the highly structured wines of the north and the elegant styles of the south. The region is also subject to southeast trade winds. The Bordeaux grape varieties have thrived, particularly Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot. Although Chardonnay has problems with fruit set, the wines are generally outstanding. Vintage takes place between the end of February and mid-April. Andrew Caillard MW, Langton's

Warm to hot climate/Elevation 130-180m The historic Magill Estate vineyard was established in 1844. Once on the outskirts of Adelaide, today it is well and truly within the Adelaide metropolitan area. Only 5.2 hecatres (12.5 acres) of Shiraz remain, centred around the Grange cottage (pictured), the original home of Dr Christopher Rawson Penfold and the ‘spiritual’ birth place of Grange Hermitage (now called Bin 95 Grange Shiraz). Although Magill Shiraz was used for Grange in the early days, the fruit (now about 30 tonnes) is used almost entirely for the Magill Estate Shiraz. Magill Estate is an important Adelaide landmark and remains an important working winery. Indeed both Magill Estate and Grange (a multi-vineyard/multi district wine) are both matured on this site. Andrew Caillard MW, Langton's